Mobile Robots

Section 03

AMRs, AGVs and the throughput math that decides whether the fleet pays.

10 articles

Mobile Robots

For fleets under about 30 vehicles, opportunity charging almost always wins: the robot tops up for 3 to 8 minutes whenever it idles, and...

Aurel Nadin · 2026-08-05

Mobile Robots

Fleet size equals required trips per hour, divided by trips per hour per robot, divided by (1 minus congestion loss), then multiplied by a...

Aurel Nadin · 2026-08-05

Mobile Robots

Manual picking costs roughly 0.12 to 0.35 euro per line in a conventional walk-and-pick operation. A goods-to-person robot system costs...

Aurel Nadin · 2026-08-05

Mobile Robots

An AGV follows a fixed, installed path, whether that is magnetic tape, an inductive wire or reflector triangulation. An AMR carries a map...

Aurel Nadin · 2026-08-05

Mobile Robots

ISO 3691-4 governs every driverless industrial truck, whether it follows a wire or navigates freely. Its central demand is simple and...

Aurel Nadin · 2026-08-05

Mobile Robots

A mobile manipulator pays when the work is spread across many stations at low volume each. The rule of thumb: if any single station needs...

Aurel Nadin · 2026-08-05

Mobile Robots

Standard GNSS positioning carries 2 to 5 m of horizontal error, which is worse than the width of most vehicles. RTK correction reduces that...

Aurel Nadin · 2026-08-05

Mobile Robots

There is no global rule. Sidewalk delivery robots are regulated as vehicles or pedestrians under local traffic law, which means permission...

Aurel Nadin · 2026-08-05

Mobile Robots

Choose by how often the layout changes, not by how modern the technology sounds. Magnetic tape gives ±5 mm for 20 to 80 euro per metre and...

Aurel Nadin · 2026-08-05

$Autonomous mobile robot carrying a load along a warehouse aisle$

Mobile Robots

Throughput per robot equals 3,600 divided by the full round-trip time, and the round trip is dominated by dwell, not by driving. A typical...

Aurel Nadin · 2026-08-05